THINGS THAT HAPPENED in 12th & 13th century

Ille de France - Region encompassing about 100 miles around Paris is the center of the region and King Louis of France is exerts his power.

Economy - Paris was a hub of trade, taxation, and banking with an emerging money economy.

Scholasticism - With Thomas Aquinas comes a rational approach to philosophy and theology. University of Paris (founded 1150) along with Oxford, Cambridge, and Padua are established.

Catastrophe - Hundred Years War between England and France in 1337 decimates much of Europe. The Black Death in 1348 kills @ 40% of population.

Cult of the Virgin - Elevation of Virgin Mary to "Queen of Heaven"

The Great Schism - Two popes (Rome & Avignon) claim title in 1378 and The Great Schism continues until 1417.

Constantinople Captured by Crusaders in 1204 and brings Maniera Greca to Italy.

St. Francis of Assisi - A revolutionizing religious leader.  He establishes the preaching order of the Franciscans, stigmata in 1224, dies 1226, canonized (becomes saint) in 1228.  Patron saint of Italy, animals & ecology.

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Vocabulary

diptych                                 triptych

predella panel                     Humanism

Cult of the Virgin                 Modeling

Foreshortening                   Flying Buttress

Tracery                                Gargoyles

Gables                                 Rose Window

Portal                                  Lancet Windows

Column Statues                 Jamb Statues

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concepts

Aristotle's writings regarding the soul being housed within the body are rediscovered. Re-emergence of the human figure as subject, mainly revolving around portals and church imagery.

 

Interior walls of churches dissolve as architectural innovations like rib-groin vaulting, stained glass, pointed arches, and flying buttresses allow for large open expanses.

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themes

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smarthistory

khan academy

you tube playlist

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